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🗳️ Voter Game Plan: We're here to help you make sense of your ballot
A person's hand inserts a ballot into a box marked with the L.A. County seal on the front of it.
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LAist
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Los Angeles District Attorney
Incumbent George Gascón is running against criminal defense attorney Nathan Hochman to be L.A. County's District Attorney. It's a powerful and influential role that determines what crimes get prosecuted.
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What's at stake?

The Los Angeles County District Attorney’s Office is the largest local prosecutorial office in the U.S., and its influence is felt far beyond L.A. County borders. The district attorney's decisions about which cases to pursue — or not pursue — are hotly debated as a reflection of what we as a society believe justice should look like.

Incumbent D.A. George Gascón has rolled back many of the policies of previous district attorneys in what he says is an effort to reduce mass incarceration and racial disparities in the justice system. He no longer prosecutes many misdemeanors, which are less serious crimes, such as trespassing and driving without a valid license.

He also rarely seeks to prosecute juveniles as adults and often declines to file so-called "sentencing enhancements," which can add hefty prison time to a person’s sentence. Because of these and other policies, people who support a tough-on-crime approach want Gascón out of office.


Go deeper

  • Imperfect Paradise: District Attorney Gascón is now available here and wherever you get your podcasts. We explore the national debate over criminal justice reform through the story of incumbent L.A. District Attorney George Gascón.

  • Follow along as LAist's Frank Stoltze examines what Gascón set out to change, the impact of his policies, and the controversy surrounding his reforms as we head into the Nov. 5 election. He also talks to Gascón and his opponent Nathan Hochman about their very different perspectives on what the D.A.'s job should be.

Imperfect Paradise: District Attorney Gascon Tile Art
Listen 39:34
Listen 39:34
District Attorney Gascón: Part 1
Voters elected George Gascón in 2020 on his promises to undo decades of mass incarceration, tackle what many viewed as excessive prison sentences, and to generally create a fairer system. How's that going?

LAist asked the two candidates for Los Angeles County district attorney about changes needed in the D.A.’s office, justice system reforms, and their approach to prosecuting misdemeanors.

But first, a little background on the office:

What does the L.A. County district attorney do?

The district attorney is the county’s top prosecutor, determining when to file criminal charges for felony crimes committed throughout the county, as well as misdemeanor crimes committed in the county’s unincorporated areas and all but 10 of its 88 cities. Those 10 cities in which the county district attorney does not prosecute misdemeanors — that task is handled by city prosecutors — include Los Angeles, Long Beach, Santa Monica and Pasadena.

By law, prosecutors are required to file criminal charges in a case only when they believe the charges can be proven in court beyond a reasonable doubt.

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The operation is a vast one: The L.A. County District Attorney’s office employs more than 800 lawyers, 300 investigators and more than 800 clerical and support staff members.

You might recognize the D.A.'s work from …

High-profile prosecutions: The L.A. County District Attorney’s Office prosecutes nearly 180,000 cases a year from murders to burglaries to car thefts. This includes high-profile cases like the prosecutions of socialite Rebecca Grossman, the killer of hip hop artist and activist Nipsey Hussle, and local police officers involved in shootings. In perhaps its most famous case, the office prosecuted O.J. Simpson.

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What should I consider in a candidate?

How would a candidate fight crime? Look for specifics beyond platitudes like: “I’ll prosecute people to the fullest extent of the law.” Consider how candidates would approach misdemeanors, for example.

Gascón says many people accused of low-level misdemeanors like trespassing are experiencing homelessness, substance use disorder and/or mental illness, and that prosecuting them has minimal effect on public safety. Critics say prosecuting minor violations of the law helps ensure public safety and minimizes damage to property and people. 

Keep in mind that a district attorney’s policies are only one of many factors that can contribute to crime trends. In the city of L.A., violent crime is down over the past two years while property crime is up. This generally mirrors trends in cities across the country with both conservative and liberal district attorneys.

Stance on Proposition 47 and mass incarceration: Listen to how candidates talk about this measure, which passed in 2014 and reduced six crimes from felony status to misdemeanor status, lessening the punishment associated with each. The crimes include simple drug possession, petty theft under $950, writing or forging a bad check under $950, receipt of stolen property and shoplifting under $950. Gascón co-authored the proposition, which was approved by 60% of voters.

Supporters of Prop. 47 say that the previous penalties for these crimes were too harsh and contributed to mass incarceration and racial disparities in the justice system. Critics argue the measure has contributed to an increase in crime, particularly retail theft, and have placed a measure on the November ballot to roll it back.

A candidate's stand on police accountability: One of the key roles of a district attorney is to determine whether a law enforcement officer’s use of force is legal.

Gascón has charged 15 on-duty officers with crimes in connection with shootings or in-custody deaths — far more than his predecessors. (Over the previous two decades or so, prior to Gascón's election, only two officers were charged.) Critics of Gascón say he’s been too quick to charge officers.

Meet the candidates

A man wearing a blue suit and a white shirt stands with his hands in his pockets, smiling at the camera.
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GeorgeGascón.org
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George Gascón

Incumbent Los Angeles District Attorney

Gascón was elected as the L.A. County District Attorney in 2020. Previously, he served as district attorney in San Francisco, police chief in San Francisco and police chief in Mesa, Ariz. He was a Los Angeles police officer for 22 years, rising to the rank of deputy chief. Gascón enacted a sweeping set of reforms when he took office as district attorney. They resulted in a dramatic reduction in the filing of misdemeanors and certain gang and other sentencing enhancements, which can add years to a prison sentence. However, Gascón has continued to file felonies at the same rate as his predecessor, according to a report by the Los Angeles Times.

He has said that his policy of reducing criminal penalties is aimed at reducing mass incarceration and racial disparities in the criminal justice system. It's a message that helped him win the office in 2020, ousting incumbent Jackie Lacey.

While Gascón has a wide array of experience in the criminal justice system, he has never tried a case in court.

Some platform highlights:

  • Continuing his commitment to what he calls common-sense justice system reforms by targeting "the major drivers of mass incarceration while at the same time increasing victims services."
  • Reforming the "prison pipeline": "Because we need a system that is about more than punishment, we need a system that holistically addresses root causes of crime and aims to make our county both fair and safe."
  • Righting wrongs caused by sentencing enhancements: Black, Latino and Indigenous people have been unfairly targeted by excessively harsh sentencing enhancements "that disproportionately harm people in low-income communities of color, keeping people in prison long after they pose any safety risk to their community and contributing to our massive and aging prison population," Gascón says.
  • He is a co-author of Prop. 47. "Reclassifying certain crimes as misdemeanors rather than felonies [as Prop. 47 did] does not mean those crimes are not prosecuted. They are and they should be..." but, Gascón says, they should be prosecuted in a way that doesn't add to mass incarceration concerns.

Go deeper: Jump to Gascón's answers to the LAist candidate survey and more and listen to his interview on LAist's Airtalk ahead of the primary in March.

More voter resources:

Listen in: Los Angeles District Attorney George Gascón on AirTalk

Listen 21:33
LA County District Attorney Race: incumbent George Gascon discusses re-election campaign priorities
Listen 18:26
LA County District Attorney Race: Incumbent George Gascón


A man wearing a dark suit jacket and a light blue button-down shirt looks into the camera, a faint smile on his lips.
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Courtesy Nathan Hochman for LA County District Attorney
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Nathan Hochman

Hochman is a criminal defense attorney who previously served as U.S. assistant attorney general for the Tax Division of the U.S. Department of Justice in Washington, D.C. He is also a former federal prosecutor in L.A. and former president of the Los Angeles City Ethics Commission. In 2022, he was the Republican nominee for California attorney general.

In one of his most high-profile cases, Hochman defended former L.A. Sheriff Lee Baca, who was convicted of obstruction of justice in 2017 for covering up the abuse of inmates at Men’s Central Jail. In 2020, when some people were calling for reduced funding for law enforcement, Hochman and his brother created the Los Angeles Sheriff’s Foundation, an independent group that raises money for the department.

Some platform highlights:

  • Vows to “restore the law enforcement partnership that Gascón has decimated.”
  • Promises to tackle the scourge of fentanyl: “As District Attorney, I will fully prosecute as murderers those who knowingly sell fentanyl or fentanyl-laced drugs that result in deaths, lead a local-state-federal task force to target the fentanyl chain of sellers and suppliers, and work with local agencies to launch a massive education effort in schools warning students and parents of the dangers of fentanyl.”
  • Says he will prosecute all misdemeanors: “My central philosophy is that those who commit crimes will be held accountable. There will be no blanket policy stating that anyone gets a free pass no matter what misdemeanor or the number of misdemeanors they commit.”
  • Supports modifying or repealing Prop. 47: “This proposition swept too broadly and has created many unintended consequences. For instance, possession of highly addictive, dangerous narcotics like fentanyl, heroin, and methamphetamine are now treated as misdemeanors as if they were marijuana... Without reform, deaths from drug overdoses will continue to set new records, thefts will continue to be a fixture on social media, and Los Angeles County will keep losing tax-paying residents to other states."

Go deeper: Jump to Hochman's answers to the LAist candidate survey and more and listen to his interview on LAist's Airtalk ahead of the primary in March.

More voter resources:

Listen in: DA candidate Nathan Hochman on AirTalk

Listen 19:05
LA County District Attorney race: Nathan Hochman shares his priorities if elected
Listen 17:14
LA County District Attorney Race: Former Assistant U.S. Attorney General Nathan Hochman


Follow the money

Before you read more, we wanted to take a moment to tell you about our mission here at LAist, and why we're so dedicated to helping you get ready to vote.

In the lead-up to this important election, our hard-working reporters and editors spent hundreds and hundreds of hours researching and writing these detailed guides and fact-based resources. We invested that time because we're here to help you vote confidently and make your community a better place.

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In their own words:

Before the primary, we gave the candidates the opportunity to speak directly to the voters and answer the following questions in no more than 300 words apiece:

  • What do you think is the No. 1 thing that needs to change at the D.A.'s office and how would you change it?
  • Do you think the county justice system needs reform and if so, how would you reform it?
  • What is your philosophy on sentencing enhancements and prosecutions of misdemeanors?
  • What is your position on Prop. 47 — which turned many drug and property crimes into misdemeanors, rather than felonies?
  • What’s your stance on bail reform?

On a lighter note, we also asked the candidates to share something surprising about themselves, something voters might find revealing. Answers were lightly edited for style and clarity.

Gascón on the issues

On what needs to change in the D.A.’s office:

My goal of integrating common-sense reforms into the legal system is an ongoing effort but one that is well worth the fight. Reform means reducing the major drivers of mass incarceration while at the same time increasing victims services, developing community partnerships, collecting better data so we can be guided by long-term solutions not short-term Band-Aids, and always working to be in dialogue with the community so people know what reform means and what it doesn’t.

On justice system reform:

As Los Angeles District Attorney, I am working to reform the system by ending mass incarceration, holding law enforcement accountable, addressing sexual assault and harassment in our community, protecting workers, prosecuting polluters, and investing in trauma-informed support for victims and families. I am focused on public safety, while also reforming the overburdened and outdated prison pipeline. I have made reforming our criminal justice system a top priority and I place community first when prosecuting crimes, while balancing the need for community safety that I’ve worked for in my forty years as a police officer and prosecutor. Because we need a system that is about more than punishment, we need a system that holistically addresses root causes of crime and aims to make our county both fair and safe.

Position on sentencing enhancements, prosecutions of misdemeanors:

For generations, severe and unbalanced sentencing policies have had a devastating impact on Black, Latino and Indigenous Californians, including the use of many excessively harsh sentencing enhancements that disproportionately harm people in low-income communities of color, keeping people in prison long after they pose any safety risk to their community and contributing to our massive and aging prison population. Los Angeles County residents want to see the government implementing solutions that actually work; for violent crimes and other serious circumstances, we still use the same prosecutorial tools that have always existed.

For non-violent misdemeanors directly related to mental illness, homelessness and addiction, we now have many more tools to help address the underlying issue while also pursuing accountability. Even as we deal more appropriately with mental health and addiction, and misdemeanor cases associated with addiction, we continue to take very seriously those misdemeanors where violence, and especially domestic violence, occur.

Stand on Prop. 47:

Prop. 47 — which I was proud to co-author and which received the backing of nearly 60% of California voters — reduced simple possession of drugs for personal use from a felony to a misdemeanor, and increased the felony theft threshold from $400 to $950 to keep pace with inflation. The goal of Prop. 47 was to help reduce our prison population here in California. Reclassifying certain crimes as misdemeanors rather than felonies does not mean those crimes are not prosecuted. They are and they should be. Some believe that this law passed ten years ago is the cause for an increase in property theft. This is false. Studies show Prop. 47 and similar laws in dozens of other states do not increase property crime.

On bail reform:

I believe the money bail system is inherently unequal and wrong and I strongly support bail reform. I was the first prosecutor in the state to call for an end to money bail in 2012. Let me be clear: The court’s decision to end cash bail does not mean we have given away our ability to keep someone detained before trial if we believe they are a risk to their community or may flee. It means the court now looks at the actual threat level a person poses when deciding whether or not to release someone before their trial, not just the amount of money in their bank account.

Tell us something surprising about yourself:

When I can find the time, I love to cook. And no matter what, I make time for family.

Listen

Gascón spoke to AirTalk on Jan. 31 about his views on the office and what he'd do if reelected L.A.'s chief prosecutor.

Listen 18:26
LA County District Attorney Race: Incumbent George Gascón


    Hochman on the issues

    Hochman is a criminal defense attorney who previously served as U.S. Assistant Attorney General for the Tax Division of the U.S. Department of Justice in Washington D.C. He is also a former federal prosecutor in L.A. and former president of the Los Angeles City Ethics Commission. In 2022, he was the Republican nominee for California Attorney General.

    What needs to change in the D.A.’s office:

    Gascón has lost the trust of the public, his own prosecutors, and law enforcement. As District Attorney, the No. 1 thing I’ll change will be restoring that trust by going back to enforcing the law, not just the laws that fit a personal political agenda. I’m running as an Independent and will make prosecutorial decisions based solely on the facts and the law and not political ideology. I’ll lead by example based on my over 34 years’ criminal justice experience.

    Unlike Gascón who has never personally prosecuted or defended a criminal case, as a federal prosecutor, I prosecuted over 100 cases, from violent gang members, narcotics traffickers, and money launderers to corrupt police officers and public officials, and tax and bank defrauders. I led environmental crimes and disaster fraud task forces. In addition, I was presidentially appointed/unanimously Senate confirmed as the U.S. Assistant Attorney General leading the Tax Division with a $100 million budget and 350 lawyers prosecuting cases all over the nation. As both a former prosecutor and defense attorney, I’ll bring credibility in both worlds. 

    Gascón believes in blanket policies, a lazy form of decision-making that demonstrates distrust in his prosecutors, which is why 97.8% of them supported his recall. I reject blanket policies on both extremes of mass incarceration and Gascón’s decarceration special directives. I’ll focus on the "hard middle," an individualized analysis of the defendant, the crime committed, and the impact on the victim to determine who the true threats are to our safety and those who aren’t. I’ll restore the law enforcement partnership that Gascón has decimated. I have unique credibility in this regard since I have personally defended law enforcement officers and co-founded the LA Sheriff’s Foundation to bring needed resources to the LASD but have also personally prosecuted rogue officers as well.

    On justice system reform:

    In many ways, our justice system needs reform, however not the type of “reform” Gascón has brought that has endangered our public safety. Instead, we must sensibly balance the priority of public safety with ensuring the system acts fairly and without any bias. Gascón’s “reforms” have released violent and serious offenders before completing their sentences and prohibited prosecution of such offenders to the full extent of the law. In addition, these pro-criminal, anti-victim “reforms” have banned prosecutors from representing victims at parole hearings.

    Compared to the year before he entered office (2019), the current crime statistics are up in most categories. Importantly, polling shows that Angelenos — over 60% — feel less safe today than before Gascón became DA. Fentanyl murders are the top killer of young adults; and smash-and-grab and home robberies occur on an almost daily basis. Criminals are taking advantage of laws favoring them. My reforms: eliminate Gascón’s blanket, pro-criminal policies in favor of “hard middle” policies of individualized crime analysis; allow enhancements justified by the evidence; institute a risk-based assessment for bail; have prosecutors accompany victims to parole hearings; and address crimes generated by those with serious mental illness and drug addictions. As for fentanyl murderers, Gascón has refused to prosecute these fentanyl poison peddlers for murder, even those who are serial offenders. As District Attorney, I will fully prosecute as murderers those who knowingly sell fentanyl or fentanyl-laced drugs that result in deaths, lead a local-state-federal task force to target the fentanyl chain of sellers and suppliers, and work with local agencies to launch a massive education effort in schools warning students and parents of the dangers of fentanyl.

    Position on sentencing enhancements, prosecutions of misdemeanors:

    I reject blanket policies, like those of the current District Attorney, which preclude prosecutors from considering all legally available penalties, supported by the evidence, for crimes committed, such as sentence enhancements for using a firearm during the commission of a crime and/or special circumstances. The current DA’s policies send an incentivizing message to criminals, for example, to use a firearm in the commission of a crime since they face no additional penalty for doing so.

    Instead, I believe in the “hard middle” that uses the 1,000s of years of collective experience of the District Atty.’s Office’s over 900 prosecutors, its investigators, and its law enforcement partners to make individualized determinations based on the evidence and the crime(s) committed, the impact on the victim(s), and the defendant’s background and criminal history. Under this approach, criminals will no longer think that if they commit a crime and certain sentencing enhancements apply, that such enhancements will not be brought. As for prosecuting misdemeanors, my central philosophy is that those who commit crimes will be held accountable. There will be no blanket policy stating that anyone gets a free pass no matter what misdemeanor or the number of misdemeanors they commit. Nor will there be a blanket policy requiring jail for any misdemeanor committed. Instead, I will use my over 34 years’ criminal justice experience as a prosecutor and defense attorney, working with over 900 prosecutors and law enforcement, to calibrate proportional accountability for every misdemeanor crime committed.

    Stand on Prop. 47:

    I’d support a significant modification or potential repeal of Prop. 47. When Gascón co-authored Prop. 47, with the misleading title the “Safe Neighborhoods and Schools Act,” he advocated that releasing drug offenders and thieves from prison and ending prosecution of many of those crimes would make communities safer. He was completely wrong. As Los Angeles County District Attorney, Gascón has doubled down on this philosophy. This proposition swept too broadly and has created many unintended consequences. For instance, possession of highly addictive, dangerous narcotics like fentanyl, heroin, and methamphetamine are now treated as misdemeanors as if they were marijuana. As a result, there is no longer an incentive for repeat offenders to go to drug court diversion programs to deal with their addiction and expunge their criminal record.

    Consequently, drug courts, which used to graduate scores of people who had completed drug rehabilitation programs, have dried up since no one goes through the program and Gascón refuses to prosecute. As far as property crimes go, the increase of the felony threshold from $400 to $950 under Prop. 47, and Gascón’s blanket policies for no or lax prosecutions, have led to an explosion of thefts just under $950 and created lawlessness that has led to more serious crimes being committed, like smash-and-grab robberies and follow-home robberies. The solution is to modify or roll back parts of Prop. 47 by increasing the penalties dealing with possession of fentanyl and other dangerous and addictive drugs to reinvigorate drug diversion courts and bring back the $400 threshold for property crimes and/or allow for the aggregation of property crimes over a set time. Without reform, deaths from drug overdoses will continue to set new records, thefts will continue to be a fixture on social media, and Los Angeles County will keep losing tax-paying residents to other states.

    On bail reform:

    The focus of the bail system should be on determining what bail can eliminate or significantly reduce the risk of a particular defendant committing future crimes if released or the risk of a person absconding and not showing up for court appearances. The current cash bail system has flaws but need not be completely abandoned to fix it. Those flaws stem from the lack of risk assessment. Since the cash bail system imposes cash bail based on a schedule determined by the crime committed rather than a risk analysis, it releases on bail some who otherwise pose a risk of danger to the community or flight and denies bail to those who pose neither risk but lack the funds to meet a minimal bail. The current zero cash bail system is not the solution because too often it allows criminals to be cited and released (and never arrested) or arrested and immediately released for crimes affecting public safety.

    The solution is to implement a 24/7 magistrate review of arrestees and build up a pretrial services department that could provide the magistrate both with information concerning appropriate bail (defendant’s work experience, prior record, etc.) and then provide supervision to ensure that the defendant complies with his/her bail conditions and appears for future court hearings. I would also work to institute certain additions to cash provisions in bail like third-party affidavits of surety (secured and unsecured), placement in treatment facilities, work requirements, etc. to provide a means to obtain bail granted by a magistrate.

    Tell us something surprising about yourself: 

    I enjoy anything that involves a racket — tennis, paddle tennis, squash, pickleball. Also, my family and I have raised funds for and personally delivered over 1,500 wheelchairs through the American Wheelchair Mission to those in need.

    Listen

    Hochman spoke to AirTalk on Jan. 30 about his views on the office and what he'd do if elected L.A.'s chief prosecutor.

    Listen 17:14
    LA County District Attorney Race: Former Assistant U.S. Attorney General Nathan Hochman

    What questions do you have about the upcoming general election?
    You ask, and we'll answer: Whether it's about how to interpret the results or track your ballot, we're here to help you understand the 2024 general election on Nov. 5.

    This voter guide originally published Aug. 30.

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